India's Modi Doctrine foreign policy with its defining characteristic of "Multi-alignment" is emerging as the new flavor of global multipolar geopolitics in 2025 as Nations grapple with the geopolitical turbulence generated by U President Trump 2.0 unpredictable and impulsive policies.
Modi Doctrine has actively evolved since 2014 when PM Narendra Modi -led BJP Government came into power. The goalposts were laid to deal for India to navigate the onset of multipolarity in global geopolitics.
Modi Doctrine of Multi-Alignment should not be confused with Former PM Nehru's Non- Alignment. Doctrine. Non-Alignment was a passive policy responding to global geopolitics. It failed to secure geopolitical weight for India nor economic benefits.
Modi Doctrine represents 'redoubled efforts to cultivate diverse network of partnerships. This strategy has enabled India to balance relations with Russia, Cina and the United States while diversifying partnerships to navigate an increasingly volatile world order'.
Elsewhere Modi Doctrine of Multi-alignment is defined as 'A pragmatic issue-based foreign policy strategy moving beyond Cold War Non-Alignment, to build diverse, parallel partnerships with multiple global powers and blocs to maximize national interests, economic opportunities, and security, without formal exclusive alliances, allowing flexible responses'.
Multi-Alignment of Modi Doctrine is a proactive foreign policy strategy which in 2025 has added considerable geopolitical weightage to India and assisted India in securing the third largest global economy position. India in 2025 thus now cannot be ignored in global power calculus.
The Modi Doctrine does not focus on India as a swing state but on India emerging as a Major Power in the global power calculus.
The proof of this assertion is that today all the global Major Powers comprising United States, Russia and China are moulding transformative foreign policy approaches to India's new strategy. European Powers now view Indian policies independently of United States perspectives.
China too is adopting more conciliatory postures from outright hostility convinced after Dokalam 2018 and moreso Galwan Clash 2021 that India was no longer a 'strategic pushover' of Non-Alignment era.
As far as the Global South is concerned, India is increasingly looked upon as the preferred and natural leader.
In 2025, with Europe and NATO being sidelined by United States under President Trump in his second presidency along with Western Pacific long-standing Allies like Japan and South Korea, it is logical that all these Major Nations would see merit in the Modi Doctrine of "Multi-alignment."
Noticeably, it is apparent to all these Major Allies of the United States, is that like India it is possible and beneficial to maintain "balanced relationships" with the Major Powers without being typecasted into opposing blocs. Bandwidth then becomes available to keep National Interests foremost without subsuming them to the perspectives of the predominant partner.
Concluding, it would not be an over-statement to assert that India's foreign policy thrust of "Multi-alignment enshrined in the Modi Doctrine e will increasingly find favor and flavor as the preferred geopolitical choice in a multipolar world beset with unpredictability at every corner.
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